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<title>Journal of International Trade Law and Policy:</title>
<subTitle>Unilateral economic sanctions
and food security</subTitle>
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<name type="Personal Name" authority="">
<namePart>Ronjini Ray and Jamshed Ahmad Siddiqui</namePart>
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<publisher>EMERALD INSIGHT</publisher>
<dateIssued>2023</dateIssued>
<issuance>monographic</issuance>
<edition></edition>
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<note>Abstract
Purpose – This paper aims to highlight the lacunae in international trade law concerning unilateral
economic sanctions that impact food security.
Design/methodology/approach – This paper adopts a literature review to establish that unilateral
economic sanctions impact food security and a descriptive assessment of a few such sanctions. Thereafter, it
adopts doctrinal analysis of such sanctions under World Trade Organization law and identifies the gaps to
address the specific situation of unilateral economic sanctions that impact food security.
Findings – Unilateral economic sanctions are not effectively regulated under international law.
Unilateral economic sanctions are known to impact food security not just in the targeted country but also
in third countries. Under international trade law, the security exception under Article XXI of the General
Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) does not currently require an assessment of necessity and
proportionality of measure. However, there is scope for such an assessment in the future depending on the
circumstances, particularly if a measure impacts the rights and interests of third countries by impacting
global food security.
Originality/value – The paper conducts a literature review of the impact of unilateral economic sanctions
on food security. It highlights the gap in the interpretation of GATT Article XXI when assessing such
sanctions that adversely impact the food security of third countries. The paper may be helpful for academics,
policymakers, international organizations, non-governmental organisations, etc.</note>
<subject authority=""><topic>Food security, Sanctions, Security Exception</topic></subject>
<subject authority=""><topic>Unilateral economic sanctions</topic></subject>
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